Names of the Messiah from Isaiah 9:6

For to us a child is born,
to us a son is given;
and the government shall be upon his shoulder,
and his name shall be called
Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,
Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace (Isaiah 9:6)

Wonderful Counselor. A “counselor” is one who is able to make wise plans (cf. 11:2). He is a ruler whose wisdom is beyond merely human capabilities, unlike intelligent but foolish Ahaz (cf. 28:29).

Mighty God. A title of the Lord himself [As a warrior, God protects His people] (10:20–21; Deut. 10:17; Neh. 9:32; Jer. 32:18).

Everlasting Father. A “father” here is a benevolent protector (cf. Isa. 22:21; Job 29:16), which is the task of the ideal king and is also the way God himself cares for his people (cf. Isa. 63:16; 64:8; Ps. 103:13). (That is, this is not using the Trinitarian title “Father” for the Messiah; rather, it is portraying him as a king.)

Prince of Peace. He is the ruler whose reign will bring about peace because the nations will rely on his just decisions in their disputes [His government brings peace] (cf. Isa. 2:4; 11:6–9; 42:4; 49:7; 52:15). This kind of king contrasts with even the best of the Davidic line that Judah has experienced so far, because these titles show that this king will be divine. Thus this cannot refer to, say, Hezekiah (whose father Ahaz was king at the time), who for all his piety was nevertheless flawed (cf. 39:5–8) and only human.

The Gospels are built on this confession that, with the birth of Jesus, the Messiah has come (Luke 2:11). Jesus the King establishes his kingdom, not for a time but for eternity. “Justice” and “righteousness” mark his kingdom, for which there will “be no end” (Isa. 9:7; Rev. 11:15; 21:6). What the gospel makes clear, however, is that in our sin we are dependent on the gift of God’s righteousness to us, since as sinners we are not righteous in and of ourselves (Rom. 3:23–24). We need Christ to bear our sin and God to credit his righteousness to our account (2 Cor. 5:21). As God’s people who are united to Christ by his Spirit, the church should now be marked by the characteristics of Christ, such as justice, mercy, righteousness, wisdom, and peace (cf. Gal. 5:22–25). In a word, we become known by love. What we have received from God, we gladly extend to others (1 John 4:11).

Sources:

ESV Study Bible

Reformation Study Bible

Gospel Transformation Bible